Basic Human Pathology: Parts I and II
Academic Year 2007/2008
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| H & E stained photomicrograph of acute inflammation response 5 hours after injury. Herbeden node of osteoarthritis within the terminal phalanges of the finger. H & E stained photomicrograph of reactive chondroid metaplasia. (Images courtesy of M. Kahn, DDS, 2007.) |
This course, Basic Human Pathology, includes the teaching of both general and systemic (organs) pathology. It provides a basis for other Tufts Dental School courses such as Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Oral Diagnosis, Medicine II/III, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, and other clinical science courses. It is a transition course between the other basic science courses and the clinical sciences of dentistry. Not only does it serve as a foundation course, its knowledge base will also aid in the understanding of managing patients with complex medical histories, particularly now that patients are living longer and continue to seek regular dental care.
Basic Human Pathology (BHP) is divided into two parts. Part I, general pathology, refers to the study of basic pathology processes that underlie all disease such as cellular pathology, inflammation and repair, fluid and hemodynamic derangements, neoplasias, and the study of genetic immunologic, metabolic and deficiency, infections, environmental, pediatric and geriatric diseases. Part II, systems pathology, refers to the study of diseases affecting specific organs and their systems such as cardiovasuclar; respiratory; ear, nose, throat; ophthalmic; alimentary tract including oral cavity; lymphoid and hemopoietic tissues; liver; pancreas and biliary tract; endocrine; urinary; male and female genital; nervous system; musculoskeletal; and integument.
- Acute Inflammation/Wound Healing and Repair I
- Pus draining from a fistula of an abscessed tooth
- Cellular Adaptations to Disease/Cell Injury and Death I
- Caseous Necrosis - Tuberculosis
- Gummatous Necrosis – Tertiary Syphilis
Objectives
- After completing Part I, the dental student should be able to demonstrate a knowledge of the terminology of pathology as well as understand the processes of cellular tissues injury, environmental pathologies, developmental disorders, inflammation and repair mechanisms, neoplastic disturbances and tumors, and fluid and hemodynamic disorders.
- After completing Part II, the dental student should be able to know the types and specific features of diseases covered in the course that can affect the cardiovascular system, respiratory system, nose, pharnyx, larnyx and esophagus, gastrointestinal system, hepatic and biliary tract (including hepatitis and diabetes mellitus), nervous system, urinary system, gynecological and obstetrics, breast disease, male genital system, and musculoskeletal and integument.
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1. Definitions
1.1. Pathology:
The study of disease; deals with the etiology, pathogenesis, physiology, and structural and functional alterations that result from disease.
1.2. General Pathology:
The study of basic pathologic processes that underlie all diseases, such as cellular pathology, inflammation and repair, fluid and hemodynamic derangements, neoplasias, and also the study of genetic, immunologic, metabolic and deficiency, infections, environmental, pediatric and geriatric diseases.
1.3. Systemic Pathology:
The study of diseases affecting specific organs and their systems such as cardiovascular, blood, hematopoietic and lymphoreticular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary, genitourinary, pancreas, male reproductive, breast and female reproductive, endocrine, musculoskeletal, neural and specialized neural, and skin.
2. Readings and Educational Material
2.1. Course Syllabus
The syllabus contains the basic information about the course including goals, general and specific objectives, lecture schedule, examination information, grading policies, departmental rules and guidelines, course directors' contact information, etc. The student is urged to refer to this document on a regular basis.
2.2. Textbooks
2.2.1. Required:
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Pathology: Illustrated Review in Color, 2nd edition, by A. Stevens and J. Lowe, Mosby, 2000.
This softcover textbook has excellent course summaries and is generously illustrated. Key points are clearly outlined. Each chapter has specific questions with an answer key provided. The depth of this book is ideal for this course and is the primary reference for Basic Human Pathology, Part 1 lecture content and forms the organizational structure and content for Basic Human Pathology, Part II course.
2.2.2. Recommended:
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Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary, Saunders, 2005 or Stedman's Medical Dictionary, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2005.
A medical dictionary will be an invaluable aid for this course, oral pathology and the medicine courses. It is highly recommended that you purchase one and have it readily available during your reading of the Basic Human Pathology courses' notes and assigned textbook readings.
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Schneider AS and Szanto PA. Board Review Series: Pathology, 3rd edition, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2006. ISBN# 0-7817-6022-4.
This softcover textbook is an excellent review and is formatted in outline note form. It also contains questions at the end of each chapter along with answers and explanations. It is also an excellent aid for preparation for the National Board Dental Examination, part one. It is a supplemental reference for the Basic Human Pathology courses.
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Robbins Basic Pathology, 7th edition, by V. Kumar, R. Cotran and S. Robbins, Saunders, 2003.
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Rubin's Pathology: Clinicopathologic Foundations of Medicine, 4th edition, by E. Rubin, et al., Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins, 2005.
2.2.3. Reference
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Kumar V, Cotran R, Robbins T. Robbins Basic Pathology, 7th Edition, Saunders, 2003.
This hardcover textbook is acknowledged as "the small bible" in the field of pathology, particularly for medical school training. In many areas, its detail is beyond the scope of this course. Its numerous illustrations would, however, be of significant value for the Basic Human Pathology courses.
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Kumar V, Abbas AK, Fausto N. Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease, 7th edition, Saunders, 2005.
This hardcover textbook is acknowledged as "the small bible" in the field of pathology, particularly for medical school training. In many areas, its detail is beyond the scope of this course. Its numerous illustrations would, however, be of significant value for the Basic Human Pathology courses.
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Rubin E, et al. Essential Pathology, 3rd edition, Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins, 2001.
This is the chief publishing rival to the 2003 Robbins Basic Pathology textbook (see above) and is a paperback, condensed version of Rubin E, et al. Rubin's Pathology: Clinicopathologic Foundations of Medicine, 5th edition, Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins, 2007. Its illustrations would be of significant supplemental value for the Basic Human Pathology courses.
3. Evaluating Student Knowledge and Performance
Examination guidelines and policies for this course are implemented as outlined in the current TUSDM's Student Handbook and Curriculum Procedures Manual.
3.1. Interim Examinations/Final Examination and Weighting:
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Interim examination #1 = 30% of course grade
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Interim examination #2 = 35% of course grade
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Final examination = 35% of course grade
3.2. Examples of Question Formats for Examinations
BEST ANSWER FORMAT:
Which of the following is an abnormal development of the bony arch of the spinal column while the meninges and spinal cord are normal?
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encephalocele
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leukodystrophy
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menigocele
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spina bifida occulta
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myelocele
NEGATIVE STEM FORMAT:
Each of the following is a developmental abnormality of the spinal cord EXCEPT one. Which one is the exception?
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encephlocele
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myelocele
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meningocele
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meningomyelocele.
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| 1 |
Lecture |
Course Introduction & Cellular Adaptations to Disease/Cell Injury and Death I (General) |
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| 2 |
Lecture |
Cellular Adaptations to Disease/Cell Injury and Death II (General) |
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| 3 |
Lecture |
Developmental and Genetic Factors in Disease (General) |
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| 4 |
Lecture |
Environmental Factors in Disease (General) |
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| 5 |
Lecture |
Acute Inflammation/Wound Healing and Repair I (General) |
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| 6 |
Examination |
Examination (General) |
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| 7 |
Lecture |
Acute Inflammation/Wound Healing and Repair II (General) |
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| 8 |
Lecture |
Chronic Inflammation (General) |
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| 9 |
Lecture |
Neoplasia (General) |
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| 10 |
Lecture |
Vascular Hemodynamics (General) |
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| 11 |
Examination |
Final Examination, Part I (General) |
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| 12 |
Lecture |
Cardiovascular System I (Systemic) |
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| 13 |
Lecture |
Cardiovascular System II (Systemic) |
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| 14 |
Lecture |
Respiratory System I (Systemic) |
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| 15 |
Lecture |
Respiratory System II (Systemic) |
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| 16 |
Lecture |
Hepatobiliary I (Sytemic) |
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| 17 |
Examination |
Examination (Systemic) |
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| 18 |
Lecture |
Hepatobiliary II - Biliary Tract and Pancreas (Systemic) |
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| 19 |
Lecture |
Sinonasal and Upper Aerodigestive Tract - Ear, Nose, Throat, Larynx, Esophagus (Systemic) |
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| 20 |
Lecture |
Gastrointestinal I - Stomach, Small and Large Intestine (Systemic) |
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| 21 |
Lecture |
Gastrointestinal II - Small and Large Intestine, cont'd. (Systemic) |
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| 22 |
Lecture |
Nervous System I - Trauma, Infection, Demyelinating Diseases (Systemic) |
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| 23 |
Lecture |
Nervous System II - Demyelinating and Degenerative Diseases, Metabolic and Tumors (Systemic) |
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| 24 |
Lecture |
Genitourinary I - Urinary System (Systemic) |
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| 25 |
Examination |
Examination (Systemic) |
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| 26 |
Lecture |
Genitourinary II - Urinary System (Systemic) |
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| 27 |
Lecture |
Genitourinary III - Obstetric-Gynecology (Systemic) |
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| 28 |
Lecture |
Genitourinary IV - Breast Disease and Male Genital System (Systemic) |
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| 29 |
Lecture |
Musculoskeletal System and Integument (Systemic) |
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| 30 |
Examination |
Final Examination, Part II (Systemic) |
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