Natural Sciences > Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences > Geodynamics Seminar(2006)

Geodynamics Seminar(2006) posted by duggu on 1/31/2008

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Courseware/Lectures

Test/Tutorials

Course Highlights

This course features an extensive geodynamical field trip guide to Iceland given in related resources section, as well an image gallery of the class field trip there.

Course Description

In this year's Geodynamics Seminar, we will explore the depth and breadth of scientific research related to Earth's present and past ice-sheets, glaciers and sea-ice, as well as extraterrestrial planetary ice.

Invited speakers have been chosen from experts in the current frontiers in ice-related research, including planetary ice, climate records from polar and tropical ice cores, the Snowball Earth, subglacial volcanoes, ice rheology, ice sheet modeling, ice microkinetics, glacial erosion and tectonics, subglacial life and polar remote sensing.

A field trip to Iceland in Summer 2006 will allow us to view some of the island's ice caps and glacial geology, the exposed mid Atlantic Ridge and evidence of ice-volcano interactions.

Special Features

Image gallery

Syllabus

Seminar Topic: ICE!

A field trip to Iceland in Summer 2006 will allow us to view some of the island's ice caps and glacial geology, the exposed mid Atlantic Ridge and evidence of ice-volcano interactions.

This Year's Seminar Organizers

Karen Bice
Sarah Das
Mark Behn
Andrew Daly

Grading

Joint Program students enrolled in the Geodynamics seminar are required to complete a project for the class. This includes research, an oral presentation during the last two or three seminar meetings, and a written paper due at the end of the semester. For first and second year students, the project must be on a topic related to the theme of the seminar and must be different from their main research interest. For more advanced students, the topic may be closely related to their dissertation research.

Calendar

Course calendar.
SES #	SPEAKERS	TOPICS
1	Dr. Richard Alley, Penn State University, Department of Geosciences	Ice Rules: Ice Cores and Ice Ages
2	Dr. Sridhar Anandakrishnan, Penn State University, Department of Geosciences	There is a Tide in the Affairs of Men...and Glaciers
3	Dr. John Wettlaufer, Yale University, Department of Physics	The Many Faces of the Surface of Ice
4	Dr. Ian Joughin, University of Washington, Polar Science Center	Polar Remote Sensing
5	Dr. Christina Hulbe, Portland State University, Department of Geology	Ice Sheet Modeling
6	Dr. Meredith Nettles, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory	Glacial Earthquakes
7	Dr. Lonnie Thompson, Ohio State University, Byrd Polar Research Center	Tropical Glaciers
8	Dr. John Priscu, Montana State University, Dept. of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences	Extremophiles, Subglacial Life
9	Dr. Bruce Jakosky, University of Colorado at Boulder, Center for Astrobiology	Planetary Ice
10	Dr. Erland Schulson, Dartmouth College, Ice Research Laboratory	On the Mechanical Behavior of Ice with Emphasis on Brittle Failure
11	Dr. Paul Hoffman, Harvard University, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences	Snowball Earth
12	Dr. Richard Williams, U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole	Global Ice
13	Dr. Helgi Björnsson, University of Iceland, Raunvísindastofnin Háskólans Science Institute	Subglacial Volcanism
14	Dr. Sidney Hemming, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences	Ice Bergs, Ice Shelves, Heinrich Events
15	Dr. Kelly MacGregor, Macalester College, Department of Geology	Ice Erosion and Tectonics

Readings

Course readings.
SPEAKERS	READINGS FOR DISCUSSION	READINGS FOR REFERENCE
Dr. Richard Alley	Alley, Richard. "Abrupt Climate Changes: Oceans, Ice, and Us." Oceanography 17, no. 4 (December 2004): 194-204. Schrag, D. P., and R. B. Alley. "Ancient Lessons for Our Future Climate." Science 306 (October 29, 2004): 821-822. Alley, R., P. U. Clark, P. Huybrechts, and I. Joughin. "Ice-Sheet and Sea-Level Changes." Science 310 (October 21, 2005): 456-460.
Dr. Sridhar Anandakrishnan	Anandakrishnan, S., D. E. Voigt, and R. B. Alley. "Ice Stream D Flow Speed is Strongly Modulated by the Tide Beneath the Ross Ice Shelf." Geophysical Research Letters 30, no. 0 (2003): 1361. doi: 10.1029/2002GL016329. Bindschadler, Robert A., Matt A King, Richard B Alley, and Sridhar Anandakrishnan. "Tidally Controlled Stick-slip Discharge of a West Antarctic Ice Stream." Science 301, no. 5636 (August 22, 2003): Research Library Core p. 1087. Alley, R. B., S. Anandakrishnan, T. K. Dupont, and B. R. Parizek. "Ice Streams-Fast, and Faster?" Department of Geosciences and EMS Environment Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, Deike Building, University Park, PA 16802. Doake, C. S. M., H. F. J. Corr, K. W. Nicholls, A. Gaffikin, and A. Jenkins. "Tide-induced Lateral Movement of Brunt Ice Shelf, Antarctica. Geophysical Research Letters 29, no. 8 (2002) 1226, 10.1029/2001GL014606.
Dr. John S. Wettlaufer	Dash, J. G., A.W. Rempel, and J. S. Wettlaufer. "The Physics of Permelted Ice and its Geophysical Consequences." Rev Mod Phys In Press (February 16, 2006): 1- 48.	Tsemekhman, V., and J. S. Wettlaufer. "Singularities, Shocks, and Instabilities in Interface Growth." Studies In Applied Mathematics 110 (2003): 221-256 by MIT.
Dr. Ian Joughin	Joughin, Ian, and Slawek Tulaczyk. "Positive Mass Balance of the Ross Ice Streams, West Antarctica." Science 295 (January 18, 2002): 476-480. Joughin, Ian, Waleed Abdalati, and Mark Fahnestock. "Large Fluctuations in Speed on Greenland's Jakobshavn Isbræ Glacier." Nature 432 (December 2, 2004): 608-610.
Dr. Christina Hulbe	Hulbe, Christina L., Douglas R. MacAyeal, George H. Denton, Johan Kleman, and Thomas V. Lowell. "Catastrophic Ice Shelf Breakup as the Source of Heinrich Event Icebergs." Paleoceanography 19 (2004) PA1004, doi: 10.1029/2003PA000890. Scambos, Ted, Christina Hulbe, and Mark Fahnestock. "Climate-Induced Ice Shelf Disintegration In The Antarctic Peninsula." Paleobiology and Paleoenvironments of Eoscene Rocks-Antarctic Research Series 76 (2003): 335-347. Copyright 2003 by the American Geophysical Union.
Dr. Meredith Nettles	Ekstrom, Goran, Meredith Nettles, and Victor C. Tsai. "Seasonality and Increasing Frequency of Greenland Glacial Earthquakes." Accepted for Science (January 9, 2006).	Ekstrom, Goran, Meredith Nettles, and Geoffrey A. Abers. "Glacial Earthquakes." Science 302 (October 24, 2003).
Dr. Lonnie Thompson	Thompson, Lonnie G., Mary E. Davis, Ellen Mosley-Thompson, Ping-Nan Lin, Keith A. Henderson, and Tracy A. Mashiotta. "Tropical Ice Core Records: Evidence for Asynchronous Glaciation on Milankovitch Timescales." Journal of Quaternary Science 20, nos. 7-8 (2005): 723-733. ———. "Tropical Glacier and Ice Core Evidence of Climate Change on Annual to Millennial Time Scales." Climatic Change 59 (2003): 137-155. Thompson, L. G., E. Mosley-Thompson, M. E. Davis, K. A. Henderson, H. H. Brecher, V. S. Zagorodnov, T. A. Mashiotta, P-N. Lin, V. N. Mikhalenko, D. R. Hardy and J. Beer. "Kilimanjaro Ice Core Records: Evidence of Holocene Climate Change in Tropical Africa." Science 298 (2002): 589-593.	Byrd Polar Research Center
Dr. John Priscu	Priscu, J. C., and B. C. Christner. Earth's icy biosphere. In "Microbial Diversity and Bioprospecting." Edited by A. Bull. Chapter 13. Washington, DC: ASM Press, 2004, pp. 130-145. Priscu, John C., Christian H. Fritsen, Edward E. Adams, Stephen J. Giovannoni, Hans W. Paerl, Christopher P. McKay, Peter T. Doran, Douglas A. Gordon, Brian D. Lanoil, and James L. Pinckney. "Perennial Antarctic Lake Ice: An Oasis for Life in a Polar Desert." Science 280 (June 26, 1998). Priscu, John C., Edward E. Adams, W. Berry Lyons, Mary A. Voytek, David W. Mogk, Robert L. Brown, Christopher P. McKay, Cristina D. Takacs, Kathy A.. Welch, Craig F. Wolf, Julie D. Kirshtein, and Recep Avci. "Geomicrobiology of Subglacial Ice Above Lake Vostok, Antarctica." Science 286 (December 10, 1999). Priscu Research Group The McMurdo Dry Valley Lakes Microbial Observatory	Priscu, John C., Brent C. Christner, Christine M. Foreman, and George Royston-Bishop. "Biological Material in Ice Cores." Revision Submitted to Encyclopedia of Quaternary Sciences (January 3, 2006). Doran, Peter T., Christian H. Fritsen, Christopher P. McKay, John C. Priscu, and Edward E. Adams. "Formation and Character of an Ancient 19-m Ice Cover and Underlying Trapped Brine in an "Ice-sealed" East Antarctic Lake." PNAS 100, no. 1 (January 7, 2003): 26-31. Siegert, Martin J., J. Cynan Ellis-Evans, Martyn Tranter, Christoph Mayer, Jean-Robert Petit, Andrey Salamatink, and John C. Priscu. "Physical, Chemical and Biological Processes in Lake Vostok and Other Antarctic Subglacial Lakes." Nature 414 (December 6, 2001). Priscu, J. C., M. C. Kennicutt II, R. E. Bell, S. A. Bulat, J. C. Ellis-Evans,V. V. Lukin, J.-R. Petit, R. D. Powell, M. J. Siegert, and I. Tabacco. "Exploring Subglacial Antarctic Lake Environments." EOS 86, no. 20 (May 17, 2005).
Dr. Richie Williams	Overpeck, Jonathan T., Bette L. Otto-Bliesner, Gifford H. Miller, Daniel R. Muhs, Richard B. Alley, and Jeffrey T. Kiehl. "Paleoclimatic Evidence for Future Ice-sheet Instability and Rapid Sea-level Rise." Science 311, no. 5768 (2006): 1747-1750. [Note: The Science issue that contains the this paper also focuses on "Climate Change. Breaking the Ice" as a theme, with other papers and an editorial] ACIA: Impacts of a warming Arctic, Arctic Climate Impact Assessment. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2004, p. 139. Shuman, C. A., H. J. Zwally, B. E. Schutz, A. C. Brenner, J. P. DiMarzio, V. P. Suchdeo, and H. A. Fricker. "ICESat Antarctic Elevation Data: Preliminary Precision and Accuracy Assessment." Geophysical Research Letters 33 (2006), L07501, doi: 10.1029/2005GL025227. USGS Glacier Studies Project Web site. Includes URL addresses for many publications related to glaciers. Seven of the 11 Satellite Image Atlas of Glaciers of the World (USGS Professional Paper 1386 A-K) are included as.pdf documents: Antarctica, Greenland, Glaciers of Europe, Glaciers of the Middle East and Africa, Glaciers of Irian Jaya, Indonesia, and New Zealand, Glaciers of South America, and Glaciers of North America [excluding Alaska (1386-K) which is next to be published].	Recent Relevant Books Symon, C., lead editor, Arris, L., and Heal, B., eds. Arctic Climate Impact Assessment. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2005, p. 1,042. [The science behind the assessment, encapsulated in the summary given above. Bamber, J. L, and A. J. Payne, eds. Mass Balance of the Cryosphere. Observations and Modeling of Contemporary and Future Changes. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2004, p. 644. [Includes many important papers on changes in the cryosphere.] Flannery, Tim. The Weather Makers. How Man is Changing the Climate and What it Means for Life on Earth. New York, NY: Atlantic Monthly Press, 2005, p. 357. The above will give the participants a start of a rapidly expanding focus of the scientific community on changes in the cryosphere, including glaciers, snow cover, floating ice (sea, lake, and river), and permafrost and periglacial environments, all of which will be addressed in my presentation next week, with emphasis on glaciers.
Dr. Erland Schulson	Schulson, Erland M. "Brittle Failure of Ice." Engineering Fracture Mechanics 68 (2001): 1839-1887. ———. "The Fracture of Water Ice Ih: A Short Overview." Meteoritics and Planetary Science (April 2006) (In press).
Dr. Paul Hoffman	Hoffman, Paul F., and Daniel P. Schrag. "The Snowball Earth Hypothesis: Testing the Limits of Global Change." Terra Nova 14, no. 3 (2002): 129-155. Pollard, David, and James F. Kasting. "Snowball Earth: A Thin-ice Solution with Flowing Sea Glaciers." Journal of Geophysical Research 110 (2005), C07010, doi: 10.1029/2004JC002525. Donnadieu, Yannick, Frederic Fluteau, Gilles Ramstein, Catherine Ritz, and Jean Besse. "Is There a Conflict Between the Neoproterozoic Glacial Deposits and the Snowball Earth Interpretation: An Improved Understanding with Numerical Modeling." Earth and Planetary Science Letters 208 (2003): 101-112.
Dr. Helgi Björnsson	Flowers, Gwenn E., Helgi Björnsson, and Finnur Palsson. "A Coupled Sheet-conduit Mechanism for Jokulhlaup Propagation." Geophysical Research Letters, DOI:10.1029/, Copyright 2004 by the American Geophysical Union. Björnsson, Helgi, and Pall Einarsson. "Volcanoes Beneath Vatnajokull, Iceland: Evidence from Radio Echo-sounding Earthquakes and Jokulhlaups. Jokull, no. 40 (1990). Björnsson, Helgi, Finnur Palsson, and Magnus T. Guomundsson. "Surface and Bedrock Topography of the Myrdalsjokull Ice Cap." Jokull, no. 49. Björnsson, Helgi. "Subglacial Lakes and Jokulhlaups in Iceland." Global and Planetary Change 35 (2002): 255-271.
Dr. Sidney Hemming	Hemming, Sidney R. "Heinrich Events: Massive Late Pleistocene Detritus Layers Of The North Atlantic and Their Global Climate Imprint." Review of Geophysics 42 (2004): RG1005.