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Abstract/Syllabus:

Cory, David, 22.058 Principles of Medical Imaging, Fall 2002. (Massachusetts Institute of Technology: MIT OpenCourseWare), http://ocw.mit.edu (Accessed 07 Jul, 2010). License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA

Principles of Medical Imaging

Fall 2002

A brain scan image.

A brain scan image. (Image courtesy of David Cory.)

Course Highlights

This course includes many lectures in their entirety, as well as a range of homework assignments and exams, most with solutions. There is also a set of Mathematica files included as a supplement to the other course materials.

Course Description

An introduction to the principles of tomographic imaging and its applications. It includes a series of lectures with a parallel set of recitations that provide demonstrations of basic principles. Both ionizing and non-ionizing radiation are covered, including x-ray, PET, MRI, and ultrasound. Emphasis on the physics and engineering of image formation.

Technical Requirements

Special software is required to use some of the files in this course: .nb.

Syllabus

This syllabus covers the texts, goals, requirements, and policies for the course.
Textbook

Cho, Z-H., J. Jones, and M. Singh. Foundations of Medical Imaging.

Goals

This course aims to provide an introduction to the physics and engineering of tomographic imaging devices. It is offered at an introductory level and assumes no prior contact with the material; the only prerequisites are differential equations and an introduction to electricity and magnetism. The course is a combination of lectures and demonstrations.

Prerequisites

8.02 (Introductory Mechanics & Electromagnetism), 18.03 (Differential Eq.)

Computer Usage

Frequent use for demonstrations, and homework problems. I request that you use either MatLab or Mathematica to develop simple tools of image processing.

Collaboration on Homework Assignments

All quizzes, midterms, and the final must be each individuals own effort. Collaborating on the homework assignments is encouraged provided that each student hands in their own version at the end. The photocopy or the same material from two (or more) students will not be accepted. Please do collaborate, but afterwards pull your own thoughts together and write out the homework assignment answers yourself.

Attendance

Attendance is expected and required. The lectures will not be taken from the text and part of the class time will be given over to demonstrations.

Grading

The course will be offered at both an undergraduate and graduate level. However, the requirements are different.

Undergraduates

Homework - 9 assignments, the best 8 of which will each count 5 % towards the final grade.
Midterms - 3 exams, each of which will count 20 % towards the final grade.
Note: Undergraduate students do not have a final or a design project for this class.

Graduates

Homework: 9 assignments, the best 8 of which will each count 3 % towards the final grade.
Midterms: 3 exams, each of which will count 8 % towards the final grade.
Final: 26%
Design Paper: 26 %
Design Paper: A description will be given out later in the course.

Calendar

This calendar offers a comprehensive schedule of topics, lectures, assignments, and exams for the course. Corresponding files have been linked to the calendar whenever available.

         
 

DAY #

      

TOPICS

      

ASSIGNMENTS
         
         
 

1

      

Course Overview
Introduction to General Imaging Principles
Imaging Terms and Definitions Linear Optics (Ray Tracing) (PDF - 1 MB)
Ex. 0: Introduction to Imaging Laboratory

      

Hw 1 (PDF)
Hw 1 Solutions (PDF)
         
         
 

2

      

Linear Imaging Systems
The Delta Function and the Impulse Function Superposition, Instrument Response Function, Point Spread Function
Space Invariance
Pin-Hole Camera (PDF - 1.3 MB)

      

Hw 2 (PDF)
Hw 2 Solutions (PDF)
         
         
 

3

      

Fourier Transformations Modulation Transfer Functions (PDF - 1.2 MB)
Supplement A (PDF - 1.7 MB)
Ex. 1: Pin-Hole Camera, Resolution & Sampling

      

Hw 3 (PDF)
HW 3 Solutions (PDF)
         
         
 

4

      

Convolution, Deconvolution
Fourier Convolution (PDF)

      

Hw 4 (PDF)
Hw 4 Solutions (PDF)
         
         
 

5

      

Sampling, Nyquist
Counting Statistics, Additive Noise (PDF - 1 MB)
Ex. 2: Optical Imaging

      

Hw 5 (PDF)
         
         
 

6

      

Radiation Types, Interactions (PDF - 2 MB)

        
         
         
 

7

      

Radiation Detection, Dose (PDF)
Ex. 3: Photon Detection, Spectra, Attenuation

        
         
         
 

8

      

Exam 1 (PDF)
Exam 1 Solution (PDF)

        
         
         
 

9

      

Planar X-ray Imaging, System Response, S/N (PDF - 1.5 MB)
Ex. 4: Planar X-ray Imaging

        
         
         
 

10

      

Projective Imaging, Back Projection
Shadow Imaging (PDF)

        
         
         
 

11

      

BP and 2-D Resolution
Ex. 5: X-ray CT

        
         
         
 

12

      

X-Ray CT
Ex. 6: X-ray CT #2

        
         
         
 

13

      

SPECT, PET

        
         
         
 

14

      

Coherent Imaging & Ultrasound
Ex. 7: SPECT

        
         
         
 

15

      

Ultrasound Imaging

        
         
         
 

16

      

Ultrasound Contrast, Microscopy and Doppler

        
         
         
 

17

      

Basics of NMR
Ex. 8: Ultrasound

        
         
         
 

18

      

Pulses and Relaxation Times

        
         
         
 

19

      

Echoes & K-space
Ex. 9: NMR Pulses, Fid, Relaxation

        
         
         
 

20

      

Echoes and Contrast

        
         
         
 

21

      

2-D Gradient and Spin Echoes
Ex. 10: Echoes, K-space

        
         
         
 

22

      

Selective Pulses

        
         
         
 

23

      

3-D Methods of MRI Volume Localized Spectroscopy

        
         
         
 

24

      

Flow / Diffusion MRI
Ex. 11: NMR Imaging

        
         



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