Description
This course provides a comprehensive introduction to crystalline structure, crystal chemistry, and bonding in rock-forming minerals. It introduces the theory relating crystal structure and crystal symmetry to physical properties such as refractive index, elastic modulus, and seismic velocity. It surveys the distribution of silicate, oxide, and metallic minerals in the interiors and on the surfaces of planets, and discusses the processes that led to their formation. It also addresses why diamonds are hard and why micas split into thin sheets.
Prerequisites
Introduction to Solid-State Chemistry (3.091) or Principles of Chemical Science (5.111, 5.112)
Grading and Work Breakdown
Gradings Table.
| Lab Assignments & Lab Quizzes |
50% |
| Problem Sets |
12.5% |
| Midterm Exam |
12.5% |
| Final Exam |
25% |
-
Weekly lectures and reading assignments
-
3-4 problem sets
-
Labs with written exercises
-
Lab quizzes
-
Midterm exam
-
Final exam
Textbooks
Blackburn, William H., and William H. Dennen. Principles of Mineralogy. 2nd ed. Dubuque, Iowa: William C Brown Publishers, 16 September 1993. ISBN: 069715078X.
Deer, W. A., R. A. Howie, and J. Zussman. An Introduction to the Rock-forming Minerals. New York: Wiley, 1992. ISBN: 0582300940.
Klein, Cornelius, Cornelius S. Hurlbut Jr., and James Dwight Dana. Manual of Mineralogy: After James D. Dana. 21st ed. New York: John Wiley and Sons Inc., 1 May 1993. ISBN: 047157452X.
Bloss, F. Donald. Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry. Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1971. ISBN: 0030851556.
Nye, J. F. Physical Properties of Crystals: Their Representation by Tensors and Matrices. Reprint ed. London: Oxford University Press, 1 August 1985. ISBN: 0198511655.
Putnis, Andrew. An Introduction to Mineral Sciences. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 22 October 1992. ISBN: 0521429471.
Zoltai, Tibor, and James H. Stout. Mineralogy: Concepts and Principles. Minneapolis, Minn.: Burgess Pub. Co., c1984. ISBN: 0808726064.
Loretto, M. H., and Smallman. Defect Analysis in Electron Microscopy. Wiley, Distributed by Halstead Press, 1975. ISBN: 0412137607.
Calendar
Calendar Table
| I. Crystal Symmetry |
| Lec 1 |
2-D Symmetry Operations |
|
| Lab 1 |
Field Trip |
|
| Lec 2 |
3-D Symmetry + Translation |
|
| Lab 2 |
Plane Symmetry |
|
| Lec 3 |
Point Groups and Space Groups |
|
| Lab 3 |
3-D Symmetry |
|
| II. Crystal Chemistry and Bonding |
| Lec 4 |
Coordination Number and Polyhedra |
|
| Lab 4 |
Packing of Spheres |
|
| Lec 5 |
Bonding Models - Ionic - Electrostatics |
|
| Lab 5 |
Polyhedral Models |
|
| Lec 6 |
Bonding Models - Covalent - Metallic |
Quiz |
| III. X-ray and Electron Diffraction |
| Lec 7 |
Crystal Lattices - Reciprocal Lattices |
|
| Lab 6 |
Stereo-nets |
|
| Lec 8 |
X-ray Generation, Diffraction, Bragg's Law |
|
| Lab 7 |
X-ray Diffraction |
|
| IV. Mineral Groups |
| Lec 9 |
Earth's Element Inventory - Metals and Sulfides |
|
| Lab 8 |
Minerals I |
|
| Lec 10 |
High P Mantle Mineralogy |
|
| Lab 9 |
Minerals II |
|
| Lec 11 |
Pyriboles |
|
| Lab 10 |
Minerals III |
|
| Lec 12 |
Feldspar, Quartz |
|
| Lab 11 |
Minerals IV |
|
| Lec 13 |
Carbonates, Sulfates, etc. |
Quiz |
| V. Tensor Analysis |
| Lec 14 |
Tensor Properties |
|
| Lab 12 |
Hardness |
|
| Lec 15 |
Representation Quadrics |
|
| Lab 13 |
Optics I |
|
| VI. Optical Properties |
| Lec 16 |
The Interaction of Electric Fields with Crystals: An Introduction to Crystal Optics |
|
| Lab 14 |
Optics II |
|
| Lec 17 |
Optical Indicatrices |
|
| Lab 15 |
Optics III |
|
| Lec 18 |
Optical Properties |
|
| VII. Elastic and Magnetic Properties |
| Lec 19 |
Stress and Strain |
|
| Lab 16 |
Optics IV |
|
| Lec 20 |
Stiffness and Compliance |
|
| Lab 17 |
Optics V |
|
| VIII. Crystal Defects |
| Lec 21 |
Point and Line Defects |
|
| Lab 18 |
Microprobe |
|
| Lec 22 |
Magnetic Properties |
|
| Lab 19 |
Defects I |
|
| Lec 23 |
Review |
Quiz |