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Abstract/Syllabus:

Drake, Elisabeth, Jefferson W. Tester, and Michael Golay, 10.391J Sustainable Energy, Spring 2005. (Massachusetts Institute of Technology: MIT OpenCourseWare), http://ocw.mit.edu (Accessed 12 Jul, 2010). License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA

Sustainable Energy

Spring 2005

Wind turbines at Tehachapi, California.
Wind turbines at Tehachapi, California. (Image courtesy of the  U.S. Department of Energy, from their Digital Archive.)

Course Highlights

This course features a selection of lecture notes and a complete set of assignments.

Course Description

The assessment of current and potential future energy systems is covered in this course and includes topics on resources, extraction, conversion, and end-use, with emphasis on meeting regional and global energy needs in the 21st century in a sustainable manner. Different renewable and conventional energy technologies will be presented and their attributes described within a framework that aids in evaluation and analysis of energy technology systems in the context of political, social, economic, and environmental goals.

Detailed information on the course textbook can be found here: Tester, J. W., E. M. Drake, M. W. Golay, M. J. Driscoll, and W. A. Peters. Sustainable Energy - Choosing Among Options. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2005. ISBN: 0262201534.

Syllabus

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Overview

Assessment of current and potential future energy systems, covering resources, extraction, conversion, and end-use, with emphasis on meeting regional and global energy needs in the 21st century in a sustainable manner. Different renewable and conventional energy technologies will be presented and their attributes described within a framework that aids in evaluation and analysis of energy technology systems in the context of political, social, economic, and environmental goals. Open to graduate students and upper class undergraduates.

Textbook

Amazon logo Tester, J. W., E. M. Drake, M. W. Golay, M. J. Driscoll, and W. A. Peters. Sustainable Energy - Choosing Among Options. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2005. ISBN: 9780262201537.

One-page overview of the textbook (PDF).

Course Lecture Structure

During the first few weeks of class, six Toolbox Lectures on fundamental topics will be interspersed with the regular class lectures.

Toolbox Lectures


TOPIC # TOPICS
1 Energy Resource Assessment
2 Energy Supply, Demand, and Storage Planning Methods
3 Economic Feasibility Assessment Methods
4 Systems Analysis Methodologies
5 Energy Transfer and Conversion Methods
6 Thermodynamics and Efficiency Analysis Methods

Lectures

Part I: Energy in Context


TOPIC # TOPICS
1 Introduction
2 Overview of Energy Use and Related Issues
3 Sustainability, Energy, and Clean Technologies in Context
4 Resource Evaluation and Depletion Analysis
5 Global Change and Response Issues
6 International Efforts to Abate Global Changes
7 Regional Air Pollution
8 Overview of Energy Supply Portfolio
9 Criteria for Assessing the Sustainability of Energy Technologies

Part II: Specific Energy Technologies


TOPIC # TOPICS
10 Geothermal Energy
11 Hydropower
12 Nuclear Waste Disposal
13 Electrochemical Energy Storage
14 Fuel Cell and Distributed Energy Programs in Industry
15 Biomass Energy
16 Biomass Conversion to Liquid Fuels
17 Nuclear Energy I: Present Technologies
18 Nuclear Energy II: Future Technologies and the Fuel Cycle
19 Fossil Energy I: Types and Characteristics. Decarbonization
20 Fossil Energy II: Conversion, Power Cycles
21 Fusion Energy Technologies
22 Wind Power
23 Cape Wind and Other Wind Projects
24 Solar Thermal Energy
25 Solar Photovoltaic Energy

Part III: Energy End Use, Option Assessment, and Tradeoff Analysis


TOPIC # TOPICS
26 Eco-buildings
27 Domestic Energy Efficiency Improvement
28 Electric Industry Restructuring
29 Future Road Transport Options
30 Energy Supply and Use in China and India
31 Sustainable Development Issues and Decision-making Techniques
32 US Energy Policy and Options

Assignments

Homework

One problem set per week on average. Early problem sets focus on analytical skills; later problem sets are more comprehensive and integrating.

Papers

One written term paper (20-30 pages) with interim progress report and final oral presentation.

Grading


ACTIVITIES PERCENTAGES
Homework 25%
In-class Participation 10%
Mid-term Exam 25%
Term Paper (25% for Written Paper and 15% for Oral Presentation) 40%

 

 

Calendar

The calendar below provides information on the course's lecture (L), toolbox lecture (TBL), and recitation (R) sessions. Each calendar session lasts one hour, or half of each two-hour class meeting.


SES # TOPICS KEY DATES
Part I: Energy in Context
L1 Introduction: Subject Overview and Administration - Prof. Michael Golay

Historical Context
Energy Sources for a More Sustainable Future
Sustainable Energy Text		 Distribution of Student Information System (SIS) forms
L2 Overview of Energy Use and Related Issues - Prof. Michael Golay

Major Energy Options
Issues of Supply and Demand
Overview of Units and Dimensions for Global Energy Flows (Quads, MMBOE, MW, EJ, etc.)
Energy Conversions (Chemical to Thermal, Chemical to Electric, etc.)
Economic Considerations		  
TBL1 Energy Resource Assessment - Prof. Michael Golay

Major Energy Options (Solar, Geologic, Ocean)
Resource Base - Uncertainties, Grade/Quality Issues, Resource vs. Reserve Estimates, Economic Evaluation Frameworks
Energy Transmission and Distribution (Pipelines, Tankers, Rail, Power Lines)		  
L3 Sustainability, Energy, and Clean Technologies in Context - Dr. Elisabeth Drake

Issues: Frameworks for Evaluation
Sustainability Attributes
Time an Space Scales
Population and Consumption Growth, Tradeoffs and Choices
Uncertainty		  
TBL2 Energy Supply, Demand, and Storage Planning Methods - Prof. Michael Golay

Matching Energy Density of Supply and Demand
Temporal and Geographical Distributions
Role of Energy Storage
Intermittency
Influences of Pricing During Demand Peaks and Valleys		 Return SIS forms
L4 Resource Evaluation and Depletion Analysis - Prof. Michael Golay  
R1 Discussion of Sustainability Issues - Dr. Elisabeth Drake

Technical Feasibility
Opportunities and Barriers
Timing Issues
Drivers of Change?		 Distribution of term paper information and forms

Assignment 1 due
TBL3 Economic Feasibility Assessment Methods - Prof. Michael Golay

Engineering, Capital, and Investment Costs
Fuel Costs
Life Cycle Costs
Environmental Externalities (Emissions, Wastes, etc.)
Uncertainties		  
L5 Global Change Issues and Responses - Prof. Peter Stone

Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Potential Effects
Modeling of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Terrestrial Effects
Effects on Ecology and Biodiversity (Local-Regional-Global)
Responses to CO2 Build-up
Mitigation?		  
L6 International Efforts to Abate Global Change - Prof. Henry Jacoby  
R2 Further Discussion on Term Paper Requirements and Topic Assignments - Dr. Elisabeth Drake Assignment 2 due
L7 Regional Air Pollution - Prof. Greg McRae  
TBL4 Systems Analysis Methodologies - Dr. Elisabeth Drake

Scoping Analysis
Simulation Models
Economic Models
Life Cycle Analysis
Systems Dynamic Models
Decision Models
Selecting System Boundaries		 Term paper topic selection forms due
R3 Discussion on Energy Resources and Depletion - Dr. Elisabeth Drake  
L8 Overview of Energy Supply Portfolio - Prof. Jefferson Tester

Criteria for Evaluating Energy Technologies
Solar Based: Thermal; PV; Wind; Biomass; etc.
Earth Based: Fossil; Nuclear; Hydro; Geothermal; etc.
Ocean Based and Others		  
TBL5 Energy Transfer and Conversion Methods - Prof. Jefferson Tester

Physical Properties (Density, Heat Capacity, Latent Heat, ...)
Chemical Reactions and Kinetics - Fossil and Biomass Fuel Time-scales
Transport Phenomena and Rates
Energy Storage Modes
Electrochemical Conversions		  
L9 Energy Conversion, Transmission, and Storage - Prof. Jefferson Tester

Matching Supply and Demand to Minimize Losses
Energy Storage and Transmission Issues
Energy Chains and Connected Efficiencies
Storage Modes
Ragone Plot
Transmission of Fossil Fuels and Electricity		 Term paper selection forms returned with comments

Assignment 3 due
TBL6 Thermodynamics and Efficiency Analysis Methods - Prof. Jefferson Tester

First and Second Laws
Availability
Power Cycles and Heat Pumps
Topping and Bottoming Cycles		  
Part II: Specific Energy Technologies
L10 Geothermal Energy - Prof. Jefferson Tester

Resources, Types, Magnitudes
Technical, Environmental, Societal, and Economic Issues
Drilling Technologies
Subsurface Reservoir Systems
Heat and Power Conversion Technologies
Future Opportunities		  
L11 Hydropower - Prof. Jefferson Tester

Technical Issues (Hydraulic Head, Turbines, etc.)
Reliability and Growth Potential
Water Management (Inundation, Leaching, Fish Impacts, Irrigation, Waste Management, etc.)
Life Cycle Aspects and Economics		  
L12-L13 Joint Video-link Class with Cambridge University - U.S. and British Energy Policies and Issues - Prof. Nuttall and Prof. Michael Golay Term papers outline due

Assignment 4 due
L14 Nuclear Waste Disposal - Prof. Andrew Kadak  
R4 Problem Session: Economics, Energy Conversion, Systems Analysis - Prof. Michael Golay  
  Midterm Exam - 2 Hour Exam (Open Book, Class Notes and Calculator Permitted)  
L15 Electrochemical Energy Storage: Batteries and Fuel Cells - Prof. Donald Sadoway  
L16 Fuel Cell and Distributed Energy Programs in Industry - Dr. Javit Drake, Gillette Technical Center  
R5 Review of Mid-Term Exam Assignment 5 due
L17 Biomass Energy - Prof. Jefferson Tester

Resource Types and Requirements
Technical and Environmental Issues
Land use (Ecological Stress, Competition with Food, Water use, Topsoil Erosion, Occupational Hazards)
Utilization Options
Economic Projections		  
L18 Biomass Conversion to Liquid Fuels - Prof. Jefferson Tester  
R6 Biomass Conversion Discussion - Prof. Jefferson Tester with input from Michael Rabb, Jeremy Johnson, and Dr. Morgan Fröling

LCA and New Genetic Engineering Approaches		  
L19 Nuclear Energy I: Present Technologies - Prof. Michael Golay Assignment 6 due
L20 Nuclear Energy II: Future Technologies and the Fuel Cycle - Prof. Michael Golay  
L21 Fossil Energy I - Prof. Ahmed Ghoniem

Types and Characteristics
Technologies
Associated Economics and Impacts
Fossil Fuel Switching (Syn Fuels, LNG, Carbon Sequestration)		  
L22 Fossil Energy II - Prof. Ahmed Ghoniem

Fuel Conversion, Power Cycles, Combined Cycles
Advanced Technologies		  
L23 Fusion Energy Technologies - Prof. Jeff Friedberg Assignment 7 due
R7 Problem Session on Energy System Analysis - Prof. Michael Golay  
L24 Wind Power - Dr. Robert W. Thresher, NREL  
L25 Cape Wind Energy and Offshore Wind Projects - Mr. Jim Gordon, President of Cape Wind, Inc.  
L26 Solar Thermal Energy - Prof. Jefferson Tester

Resource Grade and Distributions
Performance Issues (Intermittency and Storage Needs)
Environmental, Technical, and Land use Issues
Economic Projections		  
L27 Solar Photovoltaics - Prof. Eli Sachs

Conversion Devices
PV Systems
Environmental, Performance, Economic Attributes		  
Part III: Energy End Use, Option Assessment, and Tradeoff Analysis
L28 Eco-Buildings - Prof. Leon Glicksman

U.S. and World-wide
Indoor Air Quality
Smart Buildings
Infrastructure Integration		  
L29 Domestic Energy Efficiency Improvement Potential - Dr. E. C. Guyer  
L30 Electric Industry Restructuring - Prof. Paul Joskow Term papers due
L31 Future Road Transportation Options - Prof. John Heywood  
L32 Energy Supply and Use in China and Morocco - Prof. Michael Golay  
R8 Recitation: A Case Study - Prof. Jefferson Tester

Energy Development in Low Income Rural Settings		  
L33 Sustainable Development Issues and Decision-Making Techniques - Dr. Elisabeth Drake  
L34 U.S. Energy Policy and Options - Prof. Ernie Moniz  
L35 Course Summary and Wrap-up - Prof. Michael Golay, Prof. Jefferson Tester, and Dr. Elisabeth Drake

Student Feedback		  


Final exam week - Scheduled individual oral presentations (20 minutes + 10 minute question period) on individual term paper topic.

 



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