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Abstract/Syllabus:
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Williams, Michele, 15.665B Power and Negotiation, Fall 2002. (Massachusetts Institute of Technology: MIT OpenCourseWare), http://ocw.mit.edu (Accessed 10 Jul, 2010). License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA
A diagram from lecture notes - separating issues in negotiation. (Courtesy of Prof. Michele Williams.)
Course Highlights
Professor Williams describes this course as "experiential." At the heart of the course is a set of negotiation exercises in which student have the opportunity to apply what they have learned from readings and class discussion. A bibliography of the exercises and videos used in the course are listed in the syllabus. A number of lecture notes and assignments are also provided.
Course Description
This course is designed to provide you with a competitive advantage in negotiation. You will learn and practice the technical skills and analytic frameworks that are necessary to negotiate successfully with peers from other top business schools, and you will learn methods for developing the powerful social capital you will need to rise in the executive ranks of any organization.
In this course, you will learn to successfully face the challenge of negotiating materially rewarding deals while also building your social capital. You will work with training materials on leadership and relationship building that have been used with over 200 principals and partners in international professional service firms (40% were non-US nationals), and a social capital assessment tool used by these executives to receive feedback from senior partners and over 2000 clients. In addition, you will have the opportunity to participate in a lunchtime workshop on "Leadership and Emotional Intelligence" led by an executive coach, Charles Wolfe of Charles J Wolfe Associates.
Overall, this course is designed to enhance your ability to negotiate within the context of an ongoing relationship. As a manager, consultant, or professional service provider you will negotiate with your counterparts, team members, clients, and subordinates on an ongoing basis. Further, in today's less hierarchical organizations, you will be forced to negotiate with others to get your work done. Every time a project falls behind, critical new information is uncovered, or the competitive landscape of your industry changes, you will need to renegotiate tasks, plans, goals, or fees with your key stakeholders.
In sum, we will focus both on the analytic tools necessary to become a highly successful negotiator and on the relationship building skills necessary to negotiate deals that will enhance your social capital, your ability to lead others, and your book of loyal clients.
Syllabus
The objective of this course includes improving your ability to
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negotiate effectively
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analyze negotiation situations
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develop a strategic plan for effective negotiation
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gain an intellectual understanding of negotiator behavior
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develop interpersonal strategies for increasing your social capital
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increase your emotional intelligence
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gain confidence as a negotiator
The purpose of this course is to understand the theory and processes of negotiation and power of social capital so that you can negotiate successfully in a variety of settings. This course will provide you with the opportunity to develop skills experientially, understand useful analytical frameworks, grasp how social capital is created and destroyed, and appreciate the role of emotion in many negotiation situations.
Each week, we will cover an aspect of negotiation in depth, explicate some key issues, discuss the reading, and examine critical issues that have been raised with regard to your experience. The course is designed to be relevant for a broad spectrum of negotiation problems faced by managers, consultants, etc.
Meeting Times:
This course meets once a week.
There are 3 distinct components to grading that add up to 100% as indicated below.
1. Class participation (15%)1
2. Pre-Exercise Diagnoses and Journals (60%) (focus on your understanding of core concepts and your development as a negotiator)
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Weekly pre-exercise diagnoses (30%)
Analyze case exercise materials for negotiation situation of all parties involved. Use terminology, frameworks, and concepts from the course to develop a strategy for the in-class role-play exercises (2 pages each, 550 word limit).
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Analytic Journal (30%)
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Analytic Journal Assignment A (15%): Analyze one of the role-play negotiation exercises from this course using the terminology, frameworks, and concepts introduced in the course. For part I, 2-3 pages, describe and critique your behavior and the behavior of all other parties involved. For part II, 1 page, provide feedback to your counterpart (in total, 3-4 pages, 1125 word limit).
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Analytic Journal Assignment B (15%): Analyze a "real-world" negotiation experience from your personal or professional life using the terminology, frameworks, and concepts from the course. The negotiation may be one that you have already completed, one that is current and/or ongoing, or one that you anticipate facing in the near future. (3 pages, 825 word limit)
3. Short Paper, 4-6 pages, 1650 word max. (25%)
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"Best-Self" Self-Evaluation and Negotiation Goals Paper (Analysis of your own negation style and sources of power-i.e., your strengths, weaknesses, and goals for development.) Your paper will analyze assessment tests such as the FIRO Element B, peer feedback, and the University of Michigan "Best-Self" assessment exercise.
4. Scoring of assignments will be evaluated according to the following criteria
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Demonstrated understanding of concepts and tools from this course
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Appropriate and through application of course concepts to your chosen topic
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Appropriate application and cited reference to concepts from course readings
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Demonstrated ability to introspect and critique your own ideas and behavior
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Demonstrated ability to understand the perspectives, actions and emotions of others
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Creativity in developing elegant solutions to problems
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Creativity in developing suggestions and goals for improved future negotiations
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Overall quality of arguments and clarity of expressed ideas
1 Class attendance and on-time arrival are prerequisites for class participation credit.
Teaching and Learning Format
This class is designed to be experiential. The core of the course is a series of negotiation exercises. These exercises are framed and analyzed in terms of readings, lecture, and in-depth class discussions. The course will also include one or two optional workshops lead by executive coaches. In addition, a panel discussion with professional service experts is being arranged.
The major reading for this course will be found in three books and a course packet, which contains chapters from key books on negotiation as well as relevant Harvard Business Review articles. The three required books are as follows: Essentials of Negotiation, Getting to Yes, and Getting Past No. You will also find a list of recommended books at the end of the syllabus.
Lewicki, R. J., D. M. Saunders, and J.W. Minton. Essentials of Negotiation. 2nd ed. Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill, 2001.
Fisher, R., W. Ury, and B. Patton. Getting to Yes. 2nd ed. New York: Penguin Books, 1991.
W. Ury. Getting Past No. New York: Bantam Books, 1991.
Required Self-assessments:
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Keirsey Sorter (MBTI)
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FIRO Element B (online)
Weekly Reading Assignments: I have selected some readings relevant to each week's discussion. Lectures and discussion will assume familiarity with the assigned readings. You should be aware, however, that I may add or subtract reading assignments as we go along in response to the dynamics of the course.
Calendar
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LEC # |
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TOPICS |
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EXERCISE |
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KEY DATES |
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1 |
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Introduction and Distributive Bargaining |
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New Recruit |
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2 |
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Integrative Bargaining |
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Computron |
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3 |
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Advanced Integrative Bargaining |
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El-Tek |
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4 |
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Tacit Negotiations and Perceptual Barriers to Negotiation |
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Sharc |
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Analytic Journal A Due |
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Optional Lecture: Emotional Intelligence Workshop |
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Guest speaker: Charles J. Wolfe, Charles J. Wolfe Associates |
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5 |
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Negotiation Subprocesses I: Emotion Barriers and Emotional Intelligence |
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Chem-E |
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6 |
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Negotiation Subprocesses II: Communication and Listening Barriers |
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The Coleman Account (video case) and Amanda |
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7 |
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Negotiation Subprocesses III: Difficult People as Barriers and Third-party Solutions |
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Telepro |
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Best-Self Assignment Due |
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8 |
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Multiparty Negotiations: Power and Coalition Building |
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Federated Science |
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9 |
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Power and Politics of Negotiating Change |
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Negotiating Change |
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10 |
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Panel of Experts: Negotiating Long-Term Relationships |
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Wrap up Negotiating Change (1st half of class)
Expert Panel (2nd half of class)
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Analytic Journal Assignment B Due |
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11 |
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The Power of Teams in Negotiation |
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Global Negotiation, Part I |
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12 |
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Global Negotiations |
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Global Negotiation, Part II |
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13 |
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Wrap-up |
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Conclude Global Negotiations |
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Take Aways Assignment Due |
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Further Reading:
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WEEK # |
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TOPICS |
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READINGS |
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1 |
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Introduction and Distributive Bargaining |
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Mnookin, R.H. et al. "The Tension Between Empathy and Assertiveness." In Beyond Winning: Negotiating to Create Value in Deals and Disputes. |
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2 |
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Integrative Bargaining |
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Lewicki, R. "Strategy and Tactics of Distributive Bargaining." Chap. 3 in Essentials of Negotiation.
Cohen, H. "Getting your feet wet." In You can Negotiate Anything.
Reference:
Lewicki, R. "Framing, Strategizing and Planning." Chap. 2 in Essentials of Negotiation. pp. 34-51.
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3 |
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Advanced Integrative Bargaining |
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Fisher, R., and W. Ury. Getting to Yes. pp. 1-148.
Ury, W. "Prologue: Prepare, Prepare, Prepare." In Getting Past No. pp. 15-28.
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4 |
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Tacit Negotiations and Perceptual Barriers to Negotiation |
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Wu, G. "Two Psychological Traps in Negotiation." HBS Publishing # 9-897-036.
Moore, T., and W. Woods. "Personality Test Are Back." Fortune 115, no. 7: pp. 74.
Kumar, N. "The Power of Trust." Harvard Business Review #96606.
Reference:
Lewicki, R. "Communication, Perception, and Cognitive Biases." Chap. 5 in Essentials of Negotiation. pp. 110-123.
Lewicki, R. "Framing, Strategizing and Planning." Chap. 2 in Essentials of Negotiation. pp. 22-34.
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Optional Lecture: Emotional Intelligence Workshop |
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Guest speaker: Charles J. Wolfe, Charles J. Wolfe Associates
http://www.cjwolfe.com
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5 |
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Negotiation Subprocesses I: Emotion Barriers and Emotional Intelligence |
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Goleman, D. "The New Yardstick & Competencies." In Working with Emotional Intelligence. 1998.
Mayer, J.D., and P. Salovey. "What is emotional intelligence." In Emotional Development and Emotional Intelligence. 1997, pp. 10-15.
Pickles, H. "I feel therefore I am." 2000.
Kolb, D.M., and J. Williams. "Breakthrough Bargaining." Harvard Business Review #6080.
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6 |
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Negotiation Subprocesses II: Communication and Listening Barriers |
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Bolton, R. "Four Skills of Reflective Listening." In People Skills: How to assert yourself. Listen to others, and resolve conflicts. NY: Simon & Schuster, 1979, pp. 49-61.
Ury, W. Getting Past No.
Lewicki, R. "Communication, Perception, and Cognitive Biases." Chap. 5 in Essentials of Negotiation. pp. 123-129.
Reference:
Lewicki, R. "Communication, Perception, and Cognitive Biases." Chap. 5 in Essentials of Negotiation. pp. 123-131.
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7 |
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Negotiation Subprocesses III: Difficult People as Barriers and Third-party Solutions |
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Stone, D. et al. "Sort out the Three Conversations." in Difficult Conversation.
Jones, T.S., and A. Bodtker. "Mediating with heart in mind: Addressing emotion in mediation practice." Negotiation Journal. Plenum Publishing Corporation, 2001, pp. 217-244.
Lertz, L. "Negotiating with problem people." 1988.
Wokutch, R. E., and T. L. Carson. "The ethics and profitability of bluffing in business." 1981.
Reference:
Lewicki, R. et al. "Managing Difficult Negotiations: Individual Approaches." Chap. 9 In Essentials of Negotiation.
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8 |
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Multiparty Negotiations: Power and Coalition Building |
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Cialdini, R. "Harnessing the Science of Persuasion." Harvard Business Review #7915.
Valley, K., and E. L. Lingo. "Power and Influence: Achieving your Objectives in Organizations." HBS Publishing #9-801-425.
Reference:
Lewicki, R. "Finding and using Negotiation Leverage." Chap. 6 in Essentials of Negotiation.
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9 |
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Power and Politics of Negotiating Change |
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Lewicki et al. "Multiparty Negotiations: Coalitions and Groups." In Negotiation. 3rd ed.
Sebenius, J. K. "Sequencing to build coalitions: With whom should I talk first?" In Wise Choices: Decisions, Games, and Negotiations. Harvard Business School Publishing, 1996.
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10 |
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Panel of Experts: Negotiating Long-Term Relationships |
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Shell, G. R. "Bargaining with the Devil without Losing Your Soul." In Bargaining for Advantage.
Keiser, T. C. "Negotiating with a Customer You Can't Afford to Lose." Harvard Business Review #88605.
Reference:
Lewicki, R. "Ethics in Negotiation." Chap. 7 in Essentials of Negotiation.
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11 |
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The Power of Teams in Negotiation |
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Ancona, D. G., R. A. Friendman, and D. M. Kolb. "The group and what happens on the way to yes." Negotiation Journal 7 (1991): pp. 155-173.
Fisher, R. "Negotiating inside out: What are the best ways to relate internal negotiations to external ones." Negotiation Journal (1989): pp. 33-41.
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12 |
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Global Negotiations |
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Sebenius, J.K. "The Hidden Challenge of Cross-Border Negotiations." Harvard Business Review #R0203F.
Weiss, S.E. "Negotiating with the Romans - Part I." Sloan Management Review (1994): pp. 51-61.
Robinson, R. J. "Errors in social Judgment: Part 2 -Partisan perceptions." HBS Publishing #9-897-104.
Valley, K. "Expectations and Stereotypes." HBS Publishing
#9-396-167.
Reference:
Lewicki, R. "Global Negotiation." Chap. 8 in Essentials of Negotiation.
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13 |
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Wrap-up |
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Ertel, D. "Turning Negotiation into a Corporate Capability." Harvard Business Review #5394.
Sebenius, J. K. "Six Habits of merely effective negotiators." Harvard Business Review # R0104E.
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Webliography:
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Related Resources
Below is a list of videos/movies about real-life negotiations. The following are used in the course: 1. "Listening for Understanding" - referenced in the slides and syllabus as the Coleman video case. 2. Late Shift - referenced in the slides as The Leno-Letterman NBC negotiations. 3. "Negotiating Change" - referenced as Negotiating Change case with video debrief.
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Secrets of Silicon Valley (with teaching guide, bullfrogfilms.com)
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American Dream, (1989, Hormel Meats, available at half.com)
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Final Offer (GM documentary, http://www.newsreel.org/films/finaloff.htm)
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Collision Course (Eastern Airlines documentary, http://www.newsreel.org/films/collisi.htm)
Film Clip Movies on Leadership and Emotion
Movies with Clips on Trust
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Problem Child
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Patch Adams
Film Clip on Empathy and Trust
Harvard Business School Videos on Negotiation (http://www.hbsp.harvard.edu/)
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Getting to Yes
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Negotiating Change
CRMlearning.com Videos (http://www.crmlearning.com/)
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Listening for understanding (Carl Rogers, tacit negotiation, lack of emotional intelligence, norms of organizational silence - http://netche.unl.edu/catalog/)
Also:
NETCHE, Inc. (Nebraska Educational Television Council for Higher Education, Inc.)
Details of Labor Documentaries
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Final Offer, 1985, is an NFB documentary which follows the 1985 negotiations between the United Auto Workers and General Motors. Bob White, the Canadian leader, finds he is being interfered with by his American headquarters. The International advocates pursuing profit-sharing instead of annual increases.White, inspired by the Canadian militancy he is only barely able to keep reined in, holds firm in his own negotiations. The permanent split between the now CAW and the UAW is evident by the end. Limited availability. Not rated but very colourful language.
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Harlan County, U.S.A., 1977, is a Barbara Kopple documentary that follows an extended strike at the Brookside Mine. The UMWA picket line is rapidly losing ground until they are joined by their wives, sisters, and daughters, who bring new hope and new tactics to the line. The arrival of women on the line brings the question of violence to the forefront. The film celebrates the spirit and courage of the women in a careful mesh of fear of the past and hope for the future.
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Harry Bridges: A Man and His Union, 1992. Harry Bridges was the leader of the American West Coast longshoremen's union and this film demonstrates his prowess at this position. It follows his life through the 1934 San Francisco General Strike and through attempts by the American government to brand him as a communists. A successful capture of both his triumphs and his mistakes. Limited availability. Not rated.
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The Burning Season, 1994, stars Raul Julia and Sonia Braga. It is an account of the life of Chico Mendes, the leader of a series of sit-down strikes by the rubber tappers of the Xapuri Rural Worker's Union, of Brazil. His attempts to save the livelihoods of the workers and the forests catches the attention of American environmental groups but not even the Americans are able to prevent the murder of first Mendes' mentor, and then of Mendes himself. Chico Mendes was killed in 1988 by a rancher and his son who eventually escaped from prison. Easy availability. R.
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American Dream, 1989, was directed by Barbara Kopple of Harlan County U.S.A. fame. This academy-award winning documentary focuses on a conflict between Local P-9 of the UFCW and Hormel Meats of Austin, Minnesota. It presents both perspectives, and that of the International Union which dislikes the Local's militancy. The film is gloomy, but realistic in its attempt to present all three sides fairly. Limited Availability. PG-13.
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The Late Shift: Based on the non-fiction best-seller, The Late Shift is an irreverent, behind-the-scenes look at the conflict over who would succeed Johnny Carson as host of The Tonight Show, Jay Leno or David Letterman. Beginning with Carson's retirement, the made-for-cable film follows the backstage manueverings of both camps. When NBC chooses, Letterman refuses to lose quietly. Hosting The Tonight Show has been his life-long dream, and he is willing to do whatever it takes, even hiring an agent, to get what he wants. Indeed, Letterman soon finds himself working with ultra-powerful Hollywood agent Mike Ovitz and receiving huge offers from competing networks. Meanwhile, NBC has more trouble with the Leno Tonight Show than expected, thanks to Leno's manager Helen Kushnick (Kathy Bates). Kushnick's acerbic, foul-mouthed manner and increasingly petty behavior infuriates the higher-ups at NBC -- so much so that some suggest they give the show to Letterman after all. A series of intense negotiations follows, under the shadow of ludicrously frenzied media attention. While the presentation of both Leno and Letterman (played by unknowns Daniel Roebuck and John Michael Higgins, respectively) is fairly sympathetic, the film is far-less charitable to Kushnick and NBC executives.
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